Why newspapers should get out of the internet business before it kills us all

I had lunch in Tampa with my friend Mario Garcia jr of Garcia Media yesterday. Mario is the best newspaper website designer I have ever met largely because he is as passionate about newspapers as he is about websites. It's in his blood I guess.

We were talking about newspapers online and I was telling him my doubts as to whether newspapers should be throwing all their eggs in that basket so enthusiastically. He put the $4.2 billion question to me. "So if you were a newspaper publisher who had to manage a print and an online product at the same time what would you do?" This is where the conversation went.

"The first thing I'd do," I said, "is get a piece of paper and write down what is great about my newspaper, why readers love it, what skills it takes to produce it, what assets it has, what we do badly, what we could do better and what our readers and non-readers, particularly younger ones,  think of us. I'd write down how I make money and why people buy what I sell, readers and advertisers. Who are my competition now and in the future? Then I'd put that piece of paper over here. [just next to a half eaten plate of Chinese food]"

"Then I'd get another piece of paper over here [next to an empty soda can] and scribble down what I know about the internet, what it's good for, why people like it, what it takes to succeed there, what qualities are at a premium there. I'd ask how people make money there, who they make money from and what permanent trends I could detect there. And who are my competition now and in the future?"

"Then I'd take the two lists, look at how different they are and wonder why anyone would think that I should move my business from here [Chinese food] to here [empty soda can]."

When you think superficially about newspapers and the internet they look the same. There are words, pictures, stories, readers, advertisers. When you look at the skills involved in succeeding, what people want, how you make money, how quickly you have to move and how little geography counts for anything, you realise the internet is a foreign adventure for US newspapers.

It's like being Budget Rent A Car and looking at your company and believing you could start a cab company. Sure, both businesses have cars. People use them to go from one place to another and they pay money to do it. But it doesn't mean Budget could run a great cab company.  The skills that make you a success in rental cars -   I guess they would include computerised inventory control, demand forecasting, vehicle turnaround speed, location management, risk management, national marketing (and  other things that I don't know about because it's not my business) - aren't the same things that make for a successful cab company.

Sure, both businesses are car businesses, but I wouldn't fancy the chances of either group beating the other at their own game. They're competitors. Budget needs to understand why people use cabs rather than rental cars. It should know what's happening in cabs and spot opportunities to steal customers from them. And threats to their business from them. But it shouldn't become a cab company to compete.

Looking the same is not the same as being the same. I think that's the mistake we are making as newspapers on the net right now.

The internet is great. The access it has given consumers like me and you to news and information is great. But becoming commercially successful at distributing information on the internet requires us to completely change who we are and what we do, to compete with completely different people.

Who succeeds there? Inidividuals with a million ideas who execute them quickly and effectively. And some huge global companies with vast resources who snap them up. People who think outside of geographies and inside communities of interest. People who can apply the language of computers to solving real-world information needs. People who want to do something for themselves or others just for the hell of it and don't carry huge costs. People who experiment and fail all the time and just keep on going. People who can gather other people's work and spread it around in a useful way without making much money off it. People who are happy to put something out there and see it used in a completely different way to what they intended. Does that sound like any newspaper company you know. Me neither.

"But," said Mario. "You can't just pretend the internet doesn't exist?"

No. But there's a massive gulf between exploiting the internet's possibilities and becoming an information company that has decided to live or die there. Between accepting it as a competitor and wanting to compete within it. Many publishers don't even think they have made a choice. They think that it is inevitable. That despite all their concerns and unanswered questions, they have no other option but to roll up their sleeves and jump in.

They think this because they won't challenge two central assumptions that have polluted our industry's thinking.

First assumption: the internet is the future. The internet will certainly be in our future. It is a fact of our lives and an important new medium that we have to understand. And it's stolen some of our best clothes.  But it won't kill us in any other way than by convincing us to commit suicide and fall on the knife, the shiny pretty knife it is holding right in front of us, the knife we can't quite take our eyes off and which has hypnotized us into making our second false assumption.

The second assumption is that newspapers are as good as dead already. Times are much tougher for newspapers than they used to be. Hell, they're tougher for carmakers and steelmakers and bakers and candlestickmakers too. A lot has changed very quickly and in our industry the internet has driven the pace of that change. But there are sufficient examples of trends being bucked and progress being made to give even a newspaper pessimist reason to think that the medium might be struggling with middle age rather than senility.  And if it is, shouldn't we be putting our resources into finding a print solution to the way the world has changed rather than throwing ourselves into a medium where many of our skills are worthless.

If you throw those two assumptions out for a minute and ask instead what people are doing online and why, you'll get a surprise. Have a look at the last research you saw about your newspaper or the industry and ask what it tells you about what we as newspapers aren't giving readers and advertisers. Ask if it is impossible to imagine how we might meet their needs in print.  And why we don't. I think you will find that many of the reasons for our declining or flat circulations and revenues are our own fault, and they are things we could do something about if we didn't think that the internet made it all a waste of time.

What I hear a lot is the following: dull presentation, too much content, not enough interesting content, too little interactivity, old-fashioned feel, one-audience-one-product, awkward size, poor design, and the rest of the stuff I bang on about here. None of it is easy or cheap, none of it is intractable either. All of it requires us to use skills and assets that we actually have already and which other people don't.

In case there is any confiusion I am not an internet Luddite. I don't wish the internet would go away. I love it. There are great things going to happen online, but very few of them are likely to happen because of newspaper websites. It's a different game. We won't start the next YouTube or a Facebook or Flickr or Twitter or LastFM, but we will find our online strategy destroyed again and again by the people who do. We won't come up with revolutionary new ways of recruiting, or buying cars, or making friends online. But we'll be competing for ad dollars online with the people who do.

Is the answer to that problem to try and fight with those companies head to head on their terms in their space despite our competitive weakness? To try to be like them? Sure it is, if you believe that the internet is the future and newspapers are dead.

But if you believe that it's possible to improve the printed newspaper to compete more effectively with inevitable developments online, to adapt our medium to a new reality rather than kill it, and if you believe that the internet can be a useful tool for newspapers rather than its executioner, then packing your furniture and betting your house on online is an absurd and inefficient strategy.

Of course, all of this avoids a direct answer to Mario's question. What would you actually do tomorrow if you had to  do something ... not in a blog but in the real world. Well, I need to find a Chinese restaurant and a can of soda first ....  come back this afternoon....

 

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Comments

  • 6/13/2007 1:12 PM Brian Cubbison wrote:
    Well, the Avis car rental chain was founded by a car dealer and former Air Force major. But I sort of agree with the direction of your thoughts.

    It might be best for the "print newspaper" to become as traditional as possible for traditional readers. People who get their news online won't be lured back to paper. People who still get their news on paper might be doing so because they don't want to go online. Right now, newspapers are working awkwardly in both worlds, with Web sites that are too much like newspapers, and newspapers that are trying too hard to lure online readers.

    Build the most robust ways of getting the news, no matter the device. When it comes down to the news and how you want to get it, the best local news staff should be there for you. Or maybe, it comes down to which device you want to get the local car dealer's ads on.
    Reply to this
  • 6/13/2007 1:34 PM Anthony Moor wrote:
    Hi John,

    Nice line of reasoning. Unfortunately, I fear it's just feel-good reasoning. The currency of newspapers is news and information. The currency of the Web is news and information. Unless the newspaper can do for information what the Web can, then you're fighting against the tide. Kodak thought they could craft a business around the differing capabilities of film to capture images vs. digital media, and, well, people just didn't care how they got their images. Convenience and cost were most important. Digital won the day.

    Another way to look at this, of course, is to claim that newspapers aren't really in the news and information business. You could say that newspapers are in the in-home distribution business or maybe they're in the printing business etc., but there are a lot of other organizations (post office, kinkos) which are much more adept at those kinds of things.

    I know it feels good to game out how newspapers don't need the Internet but as long as information is what we do, we have to be where information is exchanged.
    Reply to this
    1. 6/13/2007 2:01 PM Sniffer dog wrote:
      Kodak and film is a brilliant example of a disruption that looks very similar to ours. You've made me want to go and look at what happened and how they thought about their problems. A hugely useful and challenging insight - thanks.

      My first (defensive sounding) take is that I don't think it is quite the same problem. Kodak never owned the content, they owned a brand that was big in a product segment that was rapidly abandoned by the mass market (film), and owned other products like paper that have been more robust and have actually maintained a relevance as the digital disruption expanded the market. They've found other things to do too. The cost and convenience arguments are not as straightforward in our market either.

      Every new Shutterfly or internet photo site who uses Kodak paper is putting money in Kodak's pocket. YouTube and Facebook don't do anything for us. And EasyShare? It has a straightforward revenue model that is entirely different from the rest of their business.  It's easy, low risk, promotes other parts of their business and is a good brand fit. It's not the same as throwing a nearly exact copy of our newspaper online (and realistically that is pretty much what we are all doing).

      I believe newspapers do need to enagage with the internet and understand its possibilities. And we do have to have a presence there. My argument is that we need to first explore what we can still do in print, and meanwhile light some fires online rather than imagining we can transfer our product and revenue online and everything will be just fine. More follows in a second piece.

      But it's a very thought-provoking challenge. What can we learn from Kodak and the digital imaging revolution? One for tomorrow maybe...

      Reply to this
  • 6/13/2007 2:13 PM Ralph Frattura wrote:
    I know you mean to be supportive of the industry, but damn, what an indictment. It's too slow, too unimaginative, too risk-averse to compete in the new information space?
    If you're right, it's really game over, and Darwin approves.
    Competing in the new space -- under new rules -- is the only chance of survival. I don't think the 21st century will allow the newspaper industry to keep firing up steam engines and pedaling around on velocipedes because it's the industry's comfort zone.
    How about classifieds and the bloodletting there, now in its second decade? You talk about improving the print product to compete with online, but there's no way -- no way -- a classifieds print product can be improved to compete on the same dollar scale as newspapers have enjoyed historically.
    Competing online is a game that can be lost, but I'm afraid it has to be played.
    Reply to this
    1. 6/13/2007 2:58 PM Sniffer dog wrote:
      I disagree. You lay out the "we have no choice" argument nicely, but the velociped image while lovely is not really accurate. All around the place news is being delivered in print to more and more people, and even in mature newspaper markets it's steady. It's not yet a quaint medium that people should feel sorry for.

      My point is not at all that newspapers can never compete at anything because they are too slow.  My point is that the habits  of the existing players make innovation online difficult to achieve at the hectic speed the internet demands - a problem faced by many companies in many industries. I'm re-reading a great book by Paul Geroski and Constantinos Markides called Fast Second: How Smart Companies Bypass Radical Innovation to Enter and Dominate New Markets, which offers one solution. There are others.  This was all going to be the subject of a second post today.

      I absolutely believe that a classified print product can be produced in US newspapers which, combined with sensible internet adjuncts, can be a more effective tool for local advertising than internet only products. The clue is in your own phrase: the flight from classified advertising has lasted two decades. It's a slow march that we brought on ourselves by being so casual about how we presnted and innovated in classified advertising. It pre-dates the internet.

       It isn't the internet that is the problem, it's us.

      I'm pleading for more speed, more thought, more customer focus, more innovation, I am not at all arguing that the industry should be left in peace. I just don't believe that the focus of all our attention should be online, because I don't believe print is dead and I don't believe the internet is our future.

      Reply to this
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